Njengesixhobo esiqhelekileyo sokucubungula imisonto yangaphakathi, iimpompo zingahlulwa zibe zii-spiral groove taps, ii-edge integration taps, ii-straight groove taps kunye neempompo zepipe thread taps ngokweemilo zazo, kwaye zingahlulwa zibe zii-hand taps kunye neempompo zomatshini ngokwendawo esetyenziswa kuyo. Zahlulwe zibe zii-metric taps, American, kunye nee-imperial taps. Ngaba uqhelene nazo zonke?
01 Uhlu lweTap
(1) Ukusika iimpompo
1) Itephu yeflute ethe tye: isetyenziselwa ukucutshungulwa kwemingxunya kunye nemingxunya engaboniyo, iitships zesinyithi zikhona kwi-tap groove, umgangatho wentambo ecutshungulweyo awuphezulu, kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwezinto ezimfutshane zetships, ezifana ne-grey cast iron, njl.njl.
2) Impompo ye-spiral groove: isetyenziselwa ukucubungula imingxunya engaboniyo enobunzulu obungaphantsi okanye obulingana ne-3D, iifayili zentsimbi ziyakhutshwa ecaleni komngxuma ojikelezayo, kwaye umgangatho womphezulu wentambo uphezulu.
Itephu ye-engile ye-helix eyi-10~20° ingacubungula ubunzulu bomsonto obungaphantsi okanye obulingana no-2D;
Itephu ye-engile ye-helix engama-28~40° ingacubungula ubunzulu bomsonto obungaphantsi okanye obulingana ne-3D;
Itephu ye-engile ye-50° helix ingacubungula ubunzulu bomsonto obungaphantsi okanye obulingana ne-3.5D (imeko yokusebenza ekhethekileyo yi-4D).
Kwezinye iimeko (izinto eziqinileyo, iphimbo elikhulu, njl.njl.), ukuze kufumaneke amandla angcono encam yamazinyo, kusetyenziswa itephu yeflute ejikelezayo ukucudisa imingxunya.
3) Itephu yekona ejikelezayo: idla ngokusetyenziswa kuphela kwimingxunya edlulayo, umlinganiselo wobude nobubanzi ungafikelela kwi-3D ~ 3.5D, iitships zesinyithi zikhutshwa ziye ezantsi, i-torque yokusika incinci, kwaye umgangatho womphezulu wentambo eyenziwe ngomatshini uphezulu, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-edge angle tap okanye i-apex tap.
Xa usika, kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iindawo zokusika zingene ngaphakathi, kungenjalo amazinyo aya kuqhekeka.
(2) Impompo yokukhupha
Ingasetyenziselwa ukucutshungulwa kwemingxunya kunye nemingxunya engaboniyo, kwaye imilo yamazinyo yenziwe kukuguqulwa kweplastiki kwezinto, ezinokusetyenziselwa kuphela ukucutshungulwa kwezinto zeplastiki.
Iimpawu zayo eziphambili:
1) Sebenzisa i-deformation yeplastiki yesixhobo somsebenzi ukucubungula umsonto;
2) Indawo enqamlezileyo yempompo inkulu, amandla aphezulu, kwaye akulula ukuyiqhekeza;
3) Isantya sokusika sinokuba phezulu kuneso sokusika iimpompo, kwaye imveliso nayo iyandiswa ngokufanelekileyo;
4) Ngenxa yenkqubo yokukhupha intambo ebandayo, iipropati zoomatshini zomphezulu wentambo ecutshungulwayo ziyaphucuka, uburhabaxa bomphezulu buphezulu, kwaye amandla entambo, ukumelana nokuguguleka kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kuyaphucuka;
5) Umatshini wokulungisa ongenanto.
Iintsilelo zayo zezi:
1) ingasetyenziselwa kuphela ukucubungula izinto zeplastiki;
2) Iindleko zokuvelisa ziphezulu.
Kukho iifom ezimbini zesakhiwo:
1) Iimpompo zokukhupha ngaphandle kwemigca yeoyile zisetyenziselwa kuphela ukugaya imingxunya engaboniyo ngokuthe nkqo;
2) Iimpompo zokukhupha umoya ezinee-oyile zifanelekile kuzo zonke iimeko zokusebenza, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo iimpompo ezincinci aziyileli ii-oyile ngenxa yobunzima bokuvelisa.
(1) Ubukhulu
1) Ubude obupheleleyo: Nika ingqalelo kwezinye iimeko zokusebenza ezifuna ukwandiswa okukhethekileyo
2) Ubude besithuba: dlula phezulu
3) I-Shank: Okwangoku, imigangatho eqhelekileyo ye-shank yi-DIN (371/374/376), i-ANSI, i-JIS, i-ISO, njl. Xa ukhetha, qaphela ulwalamano oluhambelanayo ne-tapping shank
(2) Inxalenye eneentambo
1) Ukuchaneka: Kukhethwa ngokwemigangatho ethile yomsonto. Inqanaba le-ISO1/2/3 lomsonto we-metric lilingana nenqanaba le-H1/2/3 elisemgangathweni kazwelonke, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukunaka imigangatho yolawulo lwangaphakathi yomenzi.
2) Itephu yokusika: Inxalenye yokusika yetephu yenze inxalenye yepateni emiselweyo. Ngokubanzi, okukhona itephu yokusika inde, kokukhona itephu ihlala ixesha elide.
3) Amazinyo okulungisa: Adlala indima yokuncedisa kunye nokulungisa, ingakumbi kwimeko engazinzile yenkqubo yokucofa, okukhona amazinyo okulungisa amaninzi, kokukhona ukumelana nokucofa kukhulu.
(3) Iifluti zeChip
1. Uhlobo lwe-Groove: Luchaphazela ukwakheka nokukhutshwa kwee-iron filings, ezihlala ziyimfihlo yangaphakathi yomenzi ngamnye.
2. I-engile yerake kunye ne-engile yokunceda: xa itephu inyuswa, itephu iba bukhali, nto leyo enokunciphisa kakhulu ukumelana nokusika, kodwa amandla kunye nozinzo lwencam yezinyo ziyancipha, kwaye i-engile yokunceda yi-engile yokunceda.
3. Inani leemigxobhozo: inani leemigxobhozo liyanda kwaye inani leemiphetho zokusika liyanda, nto leyo enokuphucula ubomi bempompo; kodwa iya kucinezela indawo yokususa iitshiphusi, nto leyo engalunganga ekususweni kweetshiphusi.
03 Izinto zompompo kunye nokwaleka
(1) Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwimpompo
1) Intsimbi yesixhobo: Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimpompo zesandla, into engaqhelekanga okwangoku.
2) Intsimbi yesantya esiphezulu engena-cobalt: Okwangoku, isetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zompompo, ezifana ne-M2 (W6Mo5Cr4V2, 6542), i-M3, njl.njl., kwaye ikhowudi yokumakisha yi-HSS.
3) Intsimbi ekhawulezayo equlethe iCobalt: okwangoku isetyenziswa kakhulu njengezinto zompompo, ezifana neM35, M42, njl., ikhowudi yokumakisha yiHSS-E.
4) Isinyithi esikhawulezayo se-powder metallurgy: Sisetyenziswa njengesixhobo sompompo esisebenza kakuhle, ukusebenza kuphucuke kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezi zimbini zingasentla. Iindlela zokubiza amagama zomenzi ngamnye nazo zahlukile, kwaye ikhowudi yokumakisha yi-HSS-E-PM.
5) Izinto zekhabhayithi ezifakwe isamente: zihlala zisebenzisa amasuntswana amahle kakhulu kunye namanqanaba okuqina amahle, asetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iimpompo zeflute ezithe tye ukucubungula izinto ze-short chip, ezifana ne-grey cast iron, i-aluminium ephezulu ye-silicon, njl.njl.
Iimpompo zixhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto ezisetyenziswayo, kwaye ukukhethwa kwezinto ezilungileyo kunokuphucula ngakumbi iiparameter zesakhiwo seempompo, okuzenza zilungele ukusebenza kakuhle nakwiimeko zokusebenza ezinzima, kwaye kwangaxeshanye zibe nobomi obuphezulu benkonzo. Okwangoku, abavelisi beempompo ezinkulu banemizi-mveliso yabo yezinto okanye iifomyula zezinto. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yeengxaki zemithombo ye-cobalt kunye namaxabiso, kuye kwaphuma neentsimbi ezintsha ezikhawulezayo ezingenayo i-cobalt.
(2) Ukwambathisa impompo
1) Ukuxinana komphunga: Impompo ifakwa kumphunga wamanzi obushushu obuphezulu ukuze yenze ifilimu ye-oxide phezu komphezulu, enokufunxa kakuhle kwi-coolant, inokunciphisa ukungqubana, kwaye ithintele ukuba impompo kunye nezinto zisikwe. Ifanelekile ukucubungulwa ngentsimbi ethambileyo.
2) Unyango lwe-nitriding: Umphezulu wempompo ufakwe i-nitrided ukuze wenze umaleko oqinileyo, ofanelekileyo ekusetyenzweni kwesinyithi esityhidiweyo, i-aluminium etyhidiweyo kunye nezinye izinto ezigugileyo kakhulu.
3) Ukukhupha umphunga kunye ne-Nitriding: Dibanisa iingenelo zezi zimbini zingasentla.
4) I-TiN: i-golden tyheli coating, enobunzima obuhle bokugquma kunye nokuthambisa, kunye nokunamathela okuhle kokufaka, okufanelekileyo ekucutshungulweni kwezinto ezininzi.
5) I-TiCN: uboya obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka obungwevu obunobunzima obumalunga ne-3000HV kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuyi-400°C.
6) I-TiN+TiCN: uboya obumthubi obumnyama, obunobunzima obuhle boboya kunye nokuthamba, obufanelekileyo ekucutshungulweni kwezinto ezininzi.
7) I-TiAlN: uboya obuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-ngwevu, ubulukhuni obuyi-3300HV, ukumelana nobushushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-900°C, ingasetyenziselwa umatshini wokulungisa ngesantya esiphezulu.
8) I-CrN: ugqubuthelo lwesilivere-ngwevu, ukusebenza kakuhle kokuthambisa, olusetyenziswa kakhulu ekucubunguleni iintsimbi ezingenayo i-ferrous.
Impembelelo yokwambathiswa kwempompo ekusebenzeni kwempompo icacile kakhulu, kodwa okwangoku, uninzi lwabavelisi kunye nabavelisi bokwambathiswa bayasebenzisana ukuze bafunde ngokwambathiswa okukhethekileyo.
Izinto ezi-04 ezichaphazela ukucofa
(1) Izixhobo zokuthepha
1) Isixhobo somatshini: Sinokwahlulwahlulwa ngokweendlela zokucubungula ngokuthe nkqo nangokuthe tye. Ukucofa, ukucubungula ngokuthe nkqo kungcono kunokucubungula ngokuthe tye. Xa ukupholisa kwangaphandle kwenziwa kwindlela yokucubungula ngokuthe tye, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukuba ukupholisa kwanele na.
2) Isibambi sesixhobo sokucofa: Kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe isibambi sesixhobo sokucofa esikhethekileyo xa kucofa. Isixhobo somatshini siqinile kwaye sizinzile, kwaye isibambi sesixhobo sokucofa esihambelanayo siyathandwa. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, isibambi sesixhobo sokucofa esiguquguqukayo esine-axial/radial compensation kufuneka sisetyenziswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. . Ngaphandle kweempompo ezincinci (
(2) Izinto zokusebenza
1) Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nobunzima besixhobo somsebenzi: ubunzima besixhobo somsebenzi kufuneka bufane, kwaye akukhuthazwa ukuba kusetyenziswe itephu ukucubungula izinto zokusebenza ezidlula i-HRC42.
2) Ukucofa umngxuma osezantsi: isakhiwo somngxuma osezantsi, khetha i-drill bit efanelekileyo; ukuchaneka kobungakanani bomngxuma osezantsi; umgangatho wodonga lomngxuma ongaphantsi.
(3) Iiparameter zokucubungula
1) Isantya sokujikeleza: Isiseko sesantya sokujikeleza esinikiweyo luhlobo lwetephu, izinto, izinto eziza kucutshungulwa kunye nobunzima, umgangatho wezixhobo zokuthepha, njl.njl.
Idla ngokukhethwa ngokweeparamitha ezinikwe ngumvelisi wempompo, isantya kufuneka sincitshiswe phantsi kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- ukuqina komatshini okungekuhle; ukuphuma kwempompo enkulu; ukupholisa okwaneleyo;
- izinto ezingalinganiyo okanye ubulukhuni kwindawo yokucofa, njengezihlanganisi zesolder;
- impompo iyandiswa, okanye kusetyenziswa intonga yokwandisa;
- Ukupholisa ngaphandle okuhlala phantsi;
- Ukusebenza ngesandla, okufana nokubhola ibhentshi, ukubhola nge-radial, njl.njl.;
2) Ukutya: ukucofa okuqinileyo, ukutya = isandi sentambo/ukujikeleza esi-1.
Kwimeko yokuthepha okuguquguqukayo kunye neenguqu ezaneleyo zokuhlawula i-shank:
I-Feed = (0.95-0.98) ii-pitches/rev.
Iingcebiso ezi-5 zokukhetha iimpompo
(1) Ukunyamezela iimpompo zamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okuchaneka
Isiseko sokukhetha: umgangatho wokuchaneka kompompo awunakukhethwa kwaye umiselwe kuphela ngokwenqanaba lokuchaneka komsonto ocutshungulwayo
1) Izinto kunye nobunzima bento yokusebenza eza kucutshungulwa;
2) Izixhobo zokuthepha (ezifana neemeko zezixhobo zomatshini, izibambi zezixhobo zokubambelela, izangqa zokupholisa, njl.njl.);
3) Ukuchaneka kunye nempazamo yokwenziwa kwempompo ngokwayo.
Umzekelo, xa kusetyenzwa imisonto ye-6H, xa kusetyenzwa iindawo zentsimbi, kungasetyenziswa iimpompo ezichanekileyo ze-6H; xa kusetyenzwa intsimbi engwevu, kuba ububanzi obuphakathi beempompo buyaguga ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukwanda kwemingxuma yezikrufu kuncinci, kungcono ukusebenzisa iimpompo ezichanekileyo ze-6HX. I-Tap, ubomi buya kuba ngcono.
Inqaku malunga nokuchaneka kweempompi zaseJapan:
1) I-OSG yempompo yokusika isebenzisa inkqubo yokuchaneka kwe-OH, eyahlukileyo kumgangatho we-ISO. Inkqubo yokuchaneka kwe-OH inyanzela ububanzi bebhendi yonke yokunyamezelana ukuba iqale kumda ophantsi, kwaye yonke i-0.02mm isetyenziswa njengomgangatho wokuchaneka, obizwa ngokuba yi-OH1, OH2, OH3, njl.njl.;
2) I-OSG ye-extrusion tap isebenzisa inkqubo yokuchaneka kwe-RH. Inkqubo yokuchaneka kwe-RH inyanzela ububanzi bebhendi yonke yokunyamezela ukuba iqale kumda osezantsi, kwaye i-0.0127mm nganye isetyenziswa njengenqanaba lokuchaneka, elibizwa ngokuba yi-RH1, RH2, RH3, njl.
Ngoko ke, xa usebenzisa ii-ISO precision taps endaweni yee-OH precision taps, akunakucingelwa nje ukuba i-6H ilingana ne-OH3 okanye i-OH4 grade. Kufuneka imiselwe ngokuguqulwa, okanye ngokwemeko yokwenyani yomthengi.
(2) Ubukhulu bempompo
1) Ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu yiDIN, ANSI, ISO, JIS, njl.njl.;
2) Kuvumelekile ukukhetha ubude obufanelekileyo, ubude beblade kunye nobukhulu be-shank ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zokucubungula zabathengi okanye iimeko ezikhoyo;
3) Ukuphazamiseka ngexesha lokucubungula;
(3) Izinto ezi-6 ezisisiseko zokukhetha i-tap
1) Uhlobo lomsonto wokucubungula, i-metric, i-intshi, i-American, njl.njl.;
2) Uhlobo lomngxuma ongaphantsi onemisonto, odlula emngxunyeni okanye umngxuma ongaboniyo;
3) Izinto kunye nobunzima bento yokusebenza eza kucutshungulwa;
4) Ubunzulu bomsonto opheleleyo wento yokusebenza kunye nobunzulu bomngxuma ongezantsi;
5) Ukuchaneka okufunekayo komsonto we-workpiece;
6) Umgangatho wobume bempompo
Ixesha lokuthumela: Julayi-20-2022
