Monga chida chodziwika bwino chogwiritsira ntchito ulusi wamkati, matepi amatha kugawidwa m'ma tapi ozungulira, matepi opendekera m'mphepete, matepi olunjika ndi matepi a ulusi wa paipi malinga ndi mawonekedwe awo, ndipo amatha kugawidwa m'ma tapi opangidwa ndi manja ndi matepi a makina malinga ndi malo ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Amagawidwa m'ma tapi a metric, American, ndi Imperial. Kodi mukudziwa zonse?
01 Gulu la Tap
(1) Kudula matepi
1) Chitoliro cholunjika: imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mabowo ndi mabowo osawoneka, chitsulo chili mumzere wopopera, ulusi wokonzedwawo si wapamwamba, ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonza zipangizo zazifupi, monga chitsulo chotupitsa imvi, ndi zina zotero.
2) Tapi yozungulira yozungulira: imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mabowo osawona ndi kuya kwa mabowo kochepera kapena kofanana ndi 3D, ma filings achitsulo amatulutsidwa m'mphepete mwa spiral, ndipo ulusi wa pamwamba pake ndi wapamwamba.
Tapu ya ngodya ya helix ya 10 ~ 20° imatha kukonza kuya kwa ulusi kosakwana kapena kofanana ndi 2D;
Tapu ya ngodya ya helix ya 28~40° imatha kukonza kuya kwa ulusi kochepera kapena kofanana ndi 3D;
Tap ya ngodya ya 50° helix imatha kukonza kuya kwa ulusi kochepera kapena kofanana ndi 3.5D (mkhalidwe wapadera wogwirira ntchito 4D).
Nthawi zina (zipangizo zolimba, phula lalikulu, ndi zina zotero), kuti nsonga ya dzino ikhale yolimba bwino, chitsulo chozungulira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola mabowo.
3) Tap yozungulira: nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola mabowo okha, chiŵerengero cha kutalika ndi m'mimba mwake chimatha kufika pa 3D ~ 3.5D, chitsulo chimatulutsidwa pansi, mphamvu yodulira ndi yaying'ono, ndipo ulusi wopangidwa ndi makinawo ndi wapamwamba, womwe umadziwikanso kuti m'mphepete mwa ngodya kapena m'mphepete mwa tap.
Mukadula, ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti ziwalo zonse zodula zalowa, apo ayi mano adzasweka.
(2) Tap yotulutsira madzi
Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza mabowo ndi mabowo osawona, ndipo mawonekedwe a dzino amapangidwa ndi kusintha kwa pulasitiki kwa zinthuzo, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza zinthu zapulasitiki zokha.
Zinthu zake zazikulu:
1) Gwiritsani ntchito kusintha kwa pulasitiki kwa workpiece pokonza ulusi;
2) Malo otsetsereka a pompo ndi aakulu, mphamvu zake ndi zambiri, ndipo sikophweka kuswa;
3) Liwiro lodulira likhoza kukhala lalikulu kuposa la kudula matepi, ndipo zokolola zimawonjezekanso moyenerera;
4) Chifukwa cha njira yozizira yotulutsira ulusi, mphamvu zamakina za pamwamba pa ulusi wokonzedwa zimawonjezeka, kuuma kwa pamwamba kumakhala kwakukulu, ndipo mphamvu ya ulusi, kukana kuwonongeka ndi kukana dzimbiri zimawonjezeka;
5) Makina opanda chip.
Zofooka zake ndi izi:
1) ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza zinthu zapulasitiki zokha;
2) Mtengo wopangira ndi wokwera.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya kapangidwe kake:
1) Mapaipi otulutsa mafuta opanda mipata yamafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito pongogwira mabowo osawona;
2) Mapopi otulutsa mafuta okhala ndi mipata yamafuta ndi oyenera mikhalidwe yonse yogwirira ntchito, koma nthawi zambiri mapopi ang'onoang'ono okwana mainchesi sapanga mipata yamafuta chifukwa cha zovuta zopangira.
(1) Miyeso
1) Kutalika konse: Samalani ndi mikhalidwe ina yogwirira ntchito yomwe imafuna kutalikitsidwa kwapadera
2) Utali wa malo: pitilizani
3) Shank: Pakadali pano, miyezo yodziwika bwino ya shank ndi DIN (371/374/376), ANSI, JIS, ISO, ndi zina zotero. Mukasankha, samalani ndi ubale wofanana ndi shank yogwira
(2) Gawo lokhala ndi ulusi
1) Kulondola: Kumasankhidwa ndi muyezo wa ulusi womwe umayikidwa. Mlingo wa ulusi wa ISO1/2/3 ndi wofanana ndi muyezo wa dziko lonse wa H1/2/3, koma ndikofunikira kulabadira miyezo yamkati ya wopanga.
2) Kudula popo: Gawo lodulirapo popopo lakhala gawo la kapangidwe kokhazikika. Kawirikawiri, popopo ikatalikira, nthawi ya popopo imakhala yabwino.
3) Mano okonza: Amagwira ntchito yothandizira komanso yokonza, makamaka ngati makina okonza zinthu sakuyenda bwino, mano okonza zinthu akachuluka, kukana kukhudza kumakhala kwakukulu.
(3) Chip flute
1. Mtundu wa groove: Umakhudza kupanga ndi kutulutsa kwa zinyalala zachitsulo, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala chinsinsi chamkati cha wopanga aliyense.
2. Ngodya ya rake ndi ngodya yothandiza: pamene pompo yawonjezeka, pompo imakhala yakuthwa, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri kukana kudula, koma mphamvu ndi kukhazikika kwa nsonga ya dzino zimachepa, ndipo ngodya yothandiza ndiyo ngodya yothandiza.
3. Chiwerengero cha mipata: chiwerengero cha mipata chimawonjezeka ndipo chiwerengero cha m'mbali zodulira chimawonjezeka, zomwe zingathandize kuti pompo igwire bwino ntchito; koma zimafinya malo ochotsera mipata, zomwe sizili bwino pochotsa mipata.
03 Zipangizo zopopera ndi zokutira
(1) Zinthu zomwe zili pampopi
1) Chitsulo cha zida: Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popopera matepi a m'manja, zomwe sizichitika kawirikawiri pakadali pano.
2) Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chopanda Cobalt: Pakadali pano, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati zinthu zopopera, monga M2 (W6Mo5Cr4V2, 6542), M3, ndi zina zotero, ndipo code yolembera ndi HSS.
3) Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri chokhala ndi Cobalt: chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakali pano ngati zipangizo zopopera, monga M35, M42, ndi zina zotero, code yolembera ndi HSS-E.
4) Chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri cha ufa: Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chopopera chapamwamba kwambiri, magwiridwe antchito ake ndi abwino kwambiri poyerekeza ndi awiri omwe ali pamwambapa. Njira zotchulira mayina za wopanga aliyense ndizosiyana, ndipo code yolembera ndi HSS-E-PM.
5) Zipangizo za carbide zopangidwa ndi simenti: nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito tinthu tating'onoting'ono kwambiri komanso magiredi abwino olimba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga matepi olunjika a chitoliro kuti agwiritse ntchito zipangizo zazifupi, monga chitsulo choyera, aluminiyamu ya silicon yambiri, ndi zina zotero.
Mapaipi amadalira kwambiri zipangizo, ndipo kusankha zipangizo zabwino kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kapangidwe ka mapaipi, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwira ntchito bwino komanso movutikira, komanso nthawi yomweyo kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri. Pakadali pano, opanga mapaipi akuluakulu ali ndi mafakitale awoawo kapena njira zawo zopangira zinthu. Nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa cha mavuto a zinthu za cobalt ndi mitengo, zitsulo zatsopano zothamanga kwambiri zopanda cobalt nazonso zatuluka.
(2) Kuphimba pampopi
1) Kusungunuka kwa nthunzi: Popi imayikidwa mu nthunzi yamadzi yotentha kwambiri kuti ipange filimu ya oxide pamwamba, yomwe imalowa bwino mu coolant, imachepetsa kukangana, ndikuletsa kuti popi ndi zinthuzo zisadulidwe. Yoyenera kupangira chitsulo chofewa.
2) Kukonza ndi kuyika nitridi: Pamwamba pa pompo pamakhala nitrididi kuti pakhale gawo lolimba, lomwe ndi loyenera kupangira chitsulo chopangidwa, aluminiyamu yopangidwa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.
3) Nthunzi + Kutulutsa Nitriding: Phatikizani zabwino ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambapa.
4) TiN: chophimba chachikasu chagolide, chokhala ndi kuuma bwino komanso mafuta opaka, komanso chophimba chomatira bwino, choyenera kukonzedwa zinthu zambiri.
5) TiCN: chophimba chabuluu-imvi chokhala ndi kuuma kwa pafupifupi 3000HV komanso kukana kutentha kwa 400°C.
6) TiN+TiCN: chophimba chachikasu chakuda, chokhala ndi kuuma bwino komanso mafuta abwino kwambiri, choyenera kukonzedwa zinthu zambiri.
7) TiAlN: chophimba chabuluu-imvi, kuuma kwa 3300HV, kukana kutentha mpaka 900°C, chingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga makina mwachangu kwambiri.
8) CrN: chophimba cha siliva-imvi, ntchito yabwino kwambiri yopaka mafuta, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza zitsulo zopanda chitsulo.
Mphamvu ya utoto wa pompo pa ntchito ya pompo ndi yodziwikiratu, koma pakadali pano, opanga ambiri ndi opanga utoto amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti aphunzire utoto wapadera.
Zinthu 4 Zokhudza Kujambula
(1) Zipangizo zopopera
1) Chida cha makina: Chingagawidwe m'njira zoimirira ndi zopingasa. Pogwira, kugwira ntchito moyimirira kuli bwino kuposa kugwira ntchito mopingasa. Pamene kuziziritsa kwakunja kukuchitika pogwira ntchito mopingasa, ndikofunikira kuganizira ngati kuziziritsako kuli kokwanira.
2) Chogwirizira zida zogwirira ntchito: Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito chogwirizira chapadera chogwirira ntchito pogwira. Chida cha makinacho ndi cholimba komanso chokhazikika, ndipo chogwirizira chida chogwirira ntchito chogwirizana ndicho chimakondedwa. M'malo mwake, chogwirizira chogwirira ntchito chosinthasintha chokhala ndi axial/radial compensation chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe mungathere. Kupatulapo ma taps ang'onoang'ono (
(2) Zogwirira ntchito
1) Zipangizo ndi kuuma kwa chogwirira ntchito: kuuma kwa chogwirira ntchito kuyenera kukhala kofanana, ndipo nthawi zambiri sikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito pompo pokonza zogwirira ntchito zopitirira HRC42.
2) Kugogoda dzenje la pansi: kapangidwe ka dzenje la pansi, sankhani chobowolera choyenera; kulondola kwa kukula kwa dzenje la pansi; khalidwe la khoma la dzenje la pansi.
(3) Magawo opangira
1) Liwiro lozungulira: Maziko a liwiro lozungulira lomwe laperekedwa ndi mtundu wa mpopi, zinthu, zinthu zomwe ziyenera kukonzedwa ndi kuuma kwake, mtundu wa zida zopopera, ndi zina zotero.
Kawirikawiri amasankhidwa malinga ndi magawo omwe wopanga pompo wapereka, liwiro liyenera kuchepetsedwa pansi pa mikhalidwe iyi:
- kulimba kwa makina kosalimba; kutayika kwa madzi ambiri m'mpopi; kuzizira kosakwanira;
- zinthu zosafanana kapena kuuma pamalo ogwirira, monga malo olumikizirana ndi solder;
- pompo imatambasulidwa, kapena ndodo yowonjezera imagwiritsidwa ntchito;
- Kuzizira kwakunja kokhala pansi;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito pamanja, monga kubowola kwa benchi, kubowola kwa radial, ndi zina zotero;
2) Chakudya: kugogoda kolimba, chakudya = 1 ulusi/kusintha.
Pankhani ya kugogoda kosinthasintha komanso kusintha kokwanira kwa shank:
Kudyetsa = (0.95-0.98) mapitch/rev.
Malangizo 5 osankha matepi
(1) Kulekerera kwa ma tap amitundu yosiyanasiyana yolondola
Maziko osankha: giredi yolondola ya pompo singasankhidwe ndikutsimikiziridwa kokha malinga ndi giredi yolondola ya ulusi womwe ukupangidwa.
1) Zipangizo ndi kuuma kwa workpiece yomwe ikuyenera kukonzedwa;
2) Zipangizo zopopera (monga momwe zida zamakina zimagwirira ntchito, zogwirira zida zopopera, mphete zoziziritsira, ndi zina zotero);
3) Kulondola ndi cholakwika cha kupanga kwa pompo yokha.
Mwachitsanzo, pokonza ulusi wa 6H, pokonza zida zachitsulo, matepi olondola a 6H angagwiritsidwe ntchito; pokonza chitsulo chotuwa, chifukwa m'mimba mwake wapakati wa matepiwo umatha msanga ndipo mabowo a screw ndi ochepa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito matepi olondola a 6HX. Tap, moyo udzakhala wabwino.
Chidziwitso chokhudza kulondola kwa matepi aku Japan:
1) OSG yodulira pogwiritsa ntchito njira yolondola ya OH, yomwe ndi yosiyana ndi muyezo wa ISO. Njira yolondola ya OH imakakamiza m'lifupi mwa gulu lonse la kulekerera kuti liyambe kuchokera pa malire otsika kwambiri, ndipo 0.02mm iliyonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mtundu wolondola, wotchedwa OH1, OH2, OH3, ndi zina zotero;
2) Tap yotulutsira mphamvu ya OSG imagwiritsa ntchito njira yolondola ya RH. Njira yolondola ya RH imakakamiza m'lifupi mwa gulu lonse la kulekerera kuti liyambe kuchokera ku malire otsika, ndipo 0.0127mm iliyonse imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulingo wolondola, wotchedwa RH1, RH2, RH3, ndi zina zotero.
Chifukwa chake, pogwiritsa ntchito ma ISO precision taps m'malo mwa ma OH precision taps, sizingaganizidwe kuti 6H ndi yofanana ndi OH3 kapena OH4 grade. Iyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi kusintha, kapena malinga ndi momwe kasitomala alili.
(2) Miyeso ya pompo
1) Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi DIN, ANSI, ISO, JIS, ndi zina zotero;
2) Kuloledwa kusankha kutalika koyenera, kutalika kwa tsamba ndi kukula kwa shank malinga ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito za makasitomala kapena mikhalidwe yomwe ilipo;
3) Kusokoneza panthawi yokonza;
(3) Zinthu 6 zofunika posankha pompopompo
1) Mtundu wa ulusi wopangira, metric, inchi, American, ndi zina zotero;
2) Mtundu wa dzenje la pansi lokhala ndi ulusi, kudzera m'dzenje kapena dzenje losawona;
3) Zipangizo ndi kuuma kwa ntchito yoti ikonzedwe;
4) Kuzama kwa ulusi wonse wa workpiece ndi kuzama kwa dzenje la pansi;
5) Kulondola kofunikira kwa ulusi wa workpiece;
6) Muyezo wa mawonekedwe a pompo
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-20-2022
