Shin kun san waɗannan kalmomi: kusurwar Helix, kusurwar nuni, babban gefen yankewa, bayanin sarewa? Idan ba haka ba, ya kamata ku ci gaba da karatu. Za mu amsa tambayoyi kamar: Menene gefen yankewa na biyu? Menene kusurwar helix? Ta yaya suke shafar amfani da shi a aikace?
Dalilin da ya sa yake da muhimmanci a san waɗannan abubuwa: Kayayyaki daban-daban suna sanya buƙatu daban-daban ga kayan aikin. Saboda wannan dalili, zaɓin injin jujjuyawa tare da tsarin da ya dace yana da matuƙar mahimmanci don sakamakon haƙa.
Bari mu dubi siffofi guda takwas na aikin haƙa rami: Kusurwar ma'auni, babban gefen yankewa, gefen yankewa, yankewa da rage girman rami, bayanin sarewa, tsakiya, gefen yankewa na biyu, da kusurwar helix.
Domin cimma mafi kyawun aikin yankewa a cikin kayan aiki daban-daban, dole ne a daidaita dukkan fasalulluka guda takwas da juna.
Don kwatanta waɗannan, za mu kwatanta waɗannan darussan juyawa guda uku da juna:
- Na'urar jujjuyawa DIN 338, HSS-E
- Na'urorin jujjuyawa DIN 338, HSSE-Co M35
- Na'urar jujjuyawa DIN 338, HSS 4341
Kusurwar ma'ana
Kusurwar ma'auni tana kan kan injin jujjuyawar. Ana auna kusurwar tsakanin manyan gefunan yanke guda biyu a saman. Ana buƙatar kusurwar ma'auni don tsakiyar injin jujjuyawar a cikin kayan.
Da zarar an ƙara girman kusurwar da ke kan abin, to, sai a sami sauƙin daidaita shi a cikin kayan. Wannan kuma yana rage haɗarin zamewa a saman lanƙwasa.
Mafi girman kusurwar maƙallin, haka nan kuma lokacin taɓawa ya yi gajere. Duk da haka, ana buƙatar matsin lamba mafi girma kuma tsakiya a cikin kayan yana da wahala.
A tsarin yanayin ƙasa, ƙaramin kusurwar maki yana nufin dogon gefen babban yankewa, yayin da babban kusurwar maki yana nufin gajerun gefen babban yankewa.
Babban gefuna na yankewa
Babban gefunan yankewa suna ɗaukar ainihin aikin haƙa ramin. Dogayen gefunan yankewa suna da aikin yankewa mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da gajerun gefunan yankewa, koda kuwa bambance-bambancen sun yi ƙanƙanta sosai.
Aikin haƙa ramin juyawa koyaushe yana da manyan gefuna biyu na yankewa waɗanda aka haɗa ta hanyar gefen ƙusa da aka yanke.
Yanka gefen ƙusa
Gefen guntu da aka yanke yana tsakiyar ƙarshen ramin kuma ba shi da tasirin yankewa. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci don gina injin jujjuyawar, domin yana haɗa manyan gefunan yankewa guda biyu.
Gefen guntu da aka yanke shine ke da alhakin shigar da kayan kuma yana sanya matsin lamba da gogayya akan kayan. Waɗannan kaddarorin, waɗanda ba su da kyau ga tsarin haƙa, suna haifar da ƙaruwar samar da zafi da ƙaruwar amfani da wutar lantarki.
Duk da haka, waɗannan kaddarorin za a iya rage su ta hanyar abin da ake kira "rage nauyi".
Yankan maki da rage girman maki
Ragewar ma'aunin yana rage gefen guntu da aka yanke a saman injin jujjuyawar. Ragewar yana haifar da raguwar ƙarfin gogayya a cikin kayan kuma don haka rage ƙarfin ciyarwa da ake buƙata.
Wannan yana nufin cewa rage kitse shine babban abin da ke sa a mayar da hankali kan kayan. Yana inganta taɓawa.
An daidaita nau'ikan siraran maki daban-daban a cikin siffofi na DIN 1412. Sifofi mafi yawan su ne maki mai siffar helical (siffar N) da maki mai siffar split (siffar C).
Bayanin sarewa (bayanin rami)
Saboda aikinsa a matsayin tsarin tashoshi, yanayin sarewa yana haɓaka sha da cire guntu.
Faɗin bayanin ramin, mafi kyawun sha da cire guntu.
Cire guntu mara kyau yana nufin ƙaruwar zafi, wanda hakan zai iya haifar da ƙonewa da kuma karyewar injin jujjuyawar.
Faɗin faɗin rago mai faɗi yana da faɗi, siririn rago mai zurfi ne. Zurfin bayanin rago yana ƙayyade kauri na zuciyar haƙa. Faɗin bayanin rago mai faɗi yana ba da damar manyan diamita na tsakiya (kauri). Faɗin bayanin rago mai zurfi yana ba da damar ƙananan diamita na tsakiya (sirara).
Core
Kauri na tsakiya shine ma'aunin tantance daidaiton aikin haƙar ma'aunin juyawa.
Motocin jujjuyawa masu girman diamita mai kauri suna da kwanciyar hankali mafi girma kuma saboda haka sun dace da ƙarfin juyi mai girma da kayan aiki masu tauri. Hakanan sun dace sosai don amfani da su a cikin aikin motsa jiki na hannu saboda suna da juriya ga girgiza da ƙarfin gefe.
Domin sauƙaƙe cire guntu daga ramin, kauri na tsakiya yana ƙaruwa daga ƙarshen ramin zuwa gangar.
Shafukan jagora da gefunan yankewa na biyu
Chamfers guda biyu suna nan a wurin sarewa. Chamfers ɗin da aka yi ƙasa da ƙarfi suna aiki a saman gefen ramin kuma suna tallafawa jagorancin haƙar ma'adinai mai juyi a cikin ramin da aka haƙa. Ingancin bangon ramin kuma ya dogara ne akan halayen chamfers ɗin jagora.
Gefen yankewa na biyu yana samar da sauyawa daga ɗakunan jagora zuwa bayanin rami. Yana sassautawa da yanke guntu waɗanda suka makale a kan kayan.
Tsawon ɗakunan jagora da gefunan yankewa na biyu sun dogara ne akan kusurwar helix.
Kusurwar Helix (kusurwar karkace)
Wani muhimmin fasali na aikin haƙa rami shine kusurwar helix (kusurwar karkace). Yana ƙayyade tsarin samuwar guntu.
Manyan kusurwoyin helix suna ba da damar cire kayan laushi masu tsayi da kyau. A gefe guda kuma, ana amfani da ƙananan kusurwoyin helix don kayan da ke da tauri da gajeru.
Na'urorin jujjuyawa waɗanda ke da ƙaramin kusurwar helix (10° - 19°) suna da dogon karkacewa. A madadin haka, na'urorin jujjuyawa waɗanda ke da babban kusurwar helix (27° - 45°) suna da karkacewa mai kauri (gajere). Na'urorin jujjuyawa waɗanda ke da karkacewa na yau da kullun suna da kusurwar helix na 19° - 40°.
Ayyukan halaye a cikin aikace-aikacen
Da farko, batun aikin motsa jiki na juyawa yana da matukar rikitarwa. Haka ne, akwai sassa da fasaloli da yawa da ke bambanta aikin motsa jiki na juyawa. Duk da haka, halaye da yawa sun dogara da juna.
Domin samun injin jujjuyawar da ta dace, za ka iya mayar da hankali kan aikace-aikacenka a mataki na farko. Littafin DIN don injinan motsa jiki da injinan rage gudu ya bayyana, a ƙarƙashin DIN 1836, rarraba ƙungiyoyin aikace-aikacen zuwa nau'ikan N, H, da W guda uku:
A zamanin yau ba wai kawai za ku sami waɗannan nau'ikan N, H, da W a kasuwa ba, domin a tsawon lokaci, an tsara nau'ikan daban-daban don inganta dabarun juyawa don aikace-aikace na musamman. Don haka, an ƙirƙiri nau'ikan haɗin gwiwa waɗanda tsarin suna ba a daidaita su a cikin littafin DIN ba. A MSK za ku sami ba kawai nau'in N ba har ma da nau'ikan UNI, UTL ko VA.
Kammalawa da taƙaitawa
Yanzu kun san waɗanne fasalulluka na aikin haƙa ramin juyawa ke tasiri ga aikin haƙa ramin. Teburin da ke ƙasa yana ba ku taƙaitaccen bayani game da mahimman fasalulluka na takamaiman ayyukan.
| aiki | Siffofi |
|---|---|
| Yanke aikin | Babban gefuna na yankewa Babban gefunan yankewa suna ɗaukar ainihin tsarin haƙa. |
| Rayuwar sabis | Bayanin sarewa (bayanin rami) Bayanin sarewa da ake amfani da shi azaman tsarin tashoshi yana da alhakin sha da cire guntu, saboda haka, muhimmin abu ne na rayuwar sabis na rawar juyawa. |
| Aikace-aikace | Kusurwar maki da kusurwar Helix (kusurwar karkace) Kusurwar ma'ana da kusurwar helix sune muhimman abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin kayan tauri ko laushi. |
| Tsakiyar | Yankan maki da rage girman maki Rage maki da rage maki sune muhimman abubuwan da ke haifar da mayar da hankali kan kayan. Ta hanyar rage gefen ƙusa da aka yanke yana raguwa gwargwadon iko. |
| Daidaiton daidaito | Shafukan jagora da gefunan yankewa na biyu Shafukan jagora da gefunan yankewa na biyu suna shafar daidaiton haɗin gwiwar na'urar jujjuyawa da ingancin ramin haƙa. |
| Kwanciyar hankali | Core Kauri na zuciyar shine ma'aunin da zai tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na aikin haƙar ma'adinai. |
A takaice dai, zaku iya tantance aikace-aikacen ku da kayan da kuke son zurfafawa a ciki.
Duba irin injinan juyawa da ake bayarwa kuma kwatanta fasaloli da ayyukan da kuke buƙata don kayan aikin ku.
Lokacin Saƙo: Agusta-12-2022
